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pubmed:abstractText |
TNF is known to regulate macrophage (Mphi) migration, but the signaling pathways mediating this response have not been established. Here we report that stimulation of the 55-kDa TNF receptor (TNFR-1) induced an overall decrease in filamentous actin (F-actin), inhibited CSF-1- and Cdc42-dependent filopodium formation, and stimulated macropinocytosis. Using a panel of TNFR-1 mutants, the regions of the receptor required for each of these responses were mapped. The decrease in F-actin required both the death domain and the membrane proximal part of the receptor, whereas inhibition of filopodium formation and increased pinocytosis were only dependent upon a functional death domain. When the TNF-induced decrease in F-actin was inhibited using either receptor mutants or the compound D609, TNF-stimulated actin reorganization at the cell cortex became apparent. This activity was dependent upon the FAN-binding region of TNFR-1. We conclude that different domains of TNFR-1 mediate distinct changes in the Mphi cytoskeleton, and that the ability of TNF to inhibit Mphi chemotaxis may be due to decreased filopodium formation downstream of Cdc42.
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