Linked Life Data

16989824

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/16989824

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
22
pubmed:dateCreated
2006-9-26
pubmed:abstractText
Antimicrobial peptides and proteins are key effectors of innate immunity, expressed both by circulating phagocytic cells and by epithelial cells of mucosal tissues. In the human small intestine, Paneth cells are secretory epithelial cells that express the antimicrobials human alpha-defensin-5 (HD5), HD6, lysozyme and secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)), and recent studies have implicated reduced HD5 and HD6 expression levels in the pathogenesis of ileal Crohn's disease. However, expression levels of these molecules have not been determined routinely by techniques that readily permit quantitative comparisons of their distribution between tissues and samples. Using quantitative real-time PCR with external standards and Northern blot analysis, we compared expression levels of mRNA encoding these four Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides, as well as circulating human neutrophil defensins in several different gastrointestinal tissues and the bone marrow. HD5 and HD6 were the most abundant antimicrobials expressed in the small intestine. The concentration of HD5 mRNA is approximately 5 x 10(5) copies per 10ng RNA in the jejunum and ileum; HD6 mRNA levels were about six times lower than those of HD5. With the exception of low levels in the pancreas (10(3) copies/10 ng RNA), the expression of HD5 and HD6 in tissues other than small intestine was at or below detectable limits. The expression of sPLA2 and lysozyme mRNA was observed in the small intestine (approximately, 3 x 10(3) and 9 x 10(3) copies/10 ng RNA, respectively), but also in several other tissues. Lysozyme expression was high in the duodenum (10(5) copies/10 ng RNA), and the protein localized to both Brunner's glands in the lamina propria and Paneth cells. By comparison, the hematopoietic alpha-defensins HNP1-3 mRNA were detected at 6 x 10(5) copies per 10 ng RNA in the bone marrow. These quantitative RT-PCR data from healthy tissues represents the first quantitative topographical assessment of antimicrobial expression in the gastrointestinal tract and provides a means to directly compare expression levels between healthy tissues and disease specimens for multiple antimicrobial peptides.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Oct
pubmed:issn
0014-5793
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
2
pubmed:volume
580
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
5344-50
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2006
pubmed:articleTitle
Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides: topographical distribution and quantification in human gastrointestinal tissues.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Tupper Hall Room 3146, 95616-8645, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Comparative Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural