Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
1994-7-19
pubmed:abstractText
Cholera toxin (CT) is an AB5 hexameric protein responsible for the symptoms produced by Vibrio cholerae infection. In the first step of cell intoxication, the B-pentamer of the toxin binds specifically to the branched pentasaccharide moiety of ganglioside GM1 on the surface of target human intestinal epithelial cells. We present here the crystal structure of the cholera toxin B-pentamer complexed with the GM1 pentasaccharide. Each receptor binding site on the toxin is found to lie primarily within a single B-subunit, with a single solvent-mediated hydrogen bond from residue Gly 33 of an adjacent subunit. The large majority of interactions between the receptor and the toxin involve the 2 terminal sugars of GM1, galactose and sialic acid, with a smaller contribution from the N-acetyl galactosamine residue. The binding of GM1 to cholera toxin thus resembles a 2-fingered grip: the Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc moiety representing the "forefinger" and the sialic acid representing the "thumb." The residues forming the binding site are conserved between cholera toxin and the homologous heat-labile enterotoxin from Escherichia coli, with the sole exception of His 13. Some reported differences in the binding affinity of the 2 toxins for gangliosides other than GM1 may be rationalized by sequence differences at this residue. The CTB5:GM1 pentasaccharide complex described here provides a detailed view of a protein:ganglioside specific binding interaction, and as such is of interest not only for understanding cholera pathogenesis and for the design of drugs and development of vaccines but also for modeling other protein:ganglioside interactions such as those involved in GM1-mediated signal transduction.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1381311, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1447216, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1688421, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1708183, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1741035, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1741063, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1761402, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-1943708, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2034287, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-208069, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2142159, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2176187, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2197181, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2231724, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2674135, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2765522, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2842395, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-2925239, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3048010, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3058393, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3290106, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3333803, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3346623, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3374584, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-3884513, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-6233359, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-6302001, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-6348025, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-6363900, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-6491278, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-7240151, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-8418053, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/8003954-8478941
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Feb
pubmed:issn
0961-8368
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
3
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
166-75
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-18
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1994
pubmed:articleTitle
Crystal structure of cholera toxin B-pentamer bound to receptor GM1 pentasaccharide.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't