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pubmed:abstractText |
1. Responses to cytokines and other inflammatory stimuli have been shown to be enhanced by fats rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and suppressed by fats rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and oleic acid or poor in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. 2. Corn oil is rich and coconut oil, olive oil and butter are poor in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Olive oil and butter are rich in oleic acid. Fish oil is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. 3. The present study examines the effects of feeding standard chow or corn, coconut, fish and olive oils and butter for 4 and 8 weeks on subsequent cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages of rats. 4. Tumour necrosis factor production in response to a lipopolysaccharide stimulus and interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production in response to a tumour necrosis factor challenge were studied. 5. All fats produced a small, but statistically insignificant, reduction in tumour necrosis factor production, which was greatest for olive oil at 8 weeks. 6. After 4 weeks, fish and olive oil significantly reduced interleukin-1 production. After 8 weeks, coconut oil suppressed production of the cytokine, and the inhibitory effect of fish oil was still apparent. After 8 weeks, corn and olive oil enhanced interleukin-1 production. 7. After 4 weeks of feeding, fish and olive oil enhanced interleukin-6 production. After 8 weeks, the enhancement by these fats increased, and corn oil and butter also enhanced production. Coconut oil produced no modulatory effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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