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Farnesyltransferase/geranyl-geranyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl or geranyl-geranyl moiety from farnesyl or geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic-aliphatic-X. This enzyme complex consists of a heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit is thought to function in the formation of a stable complex with the substrate. This alpha subnit is cleaved by caspase 3. Expression of the cleavage product (60-379) induces cell death (Kim et al., 2001).
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