Linked Life Data

P24941

Source:http://identifiers.org/uniprot/P24941

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
biopax3:comment
FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the cell cycle; essential for meiosis, but dispensable for mitosis. Phosphorylates CTNNB1, USP37, p53/TP53, NPM1, CDK7, RB1, BRCA2, MYC, NPAT, EZH2. Interacts with cyclins A, B1, B3, D, or E. Triggers duplication of centrosomes and DNA. Acts at the G1-S transition to promote the E2F transcriptional program and the initiation of DNA synthesis, and modulates G2 progression; controls the timing of entry into mitosis/meiosis by controlling the subsequent activation of cyclin B/CDK1 by phosphorylation, and coordinates the activation of cyclin B/CDK1 at the centrosome and in the nucleus. Crucial role in orchestrating a fine balance between cellular proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2; activated by interaction with cyclin E during the early stages of DNA synthesis to permit G1-S transition, and subsequently activated by cyclin A2 (cyclin A1 in germ cells) during the late stages of DNA replication to drive the transition from S phase to mitosis, the G2 phase. EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. Phosphorylates CABLES1 (By similarity). Cyclin E/CDK2 prevents oxidative stress-mediated Ras-induced senescence by phosphorylating MYC. Involved in G1-S phase DNA damage checkpoint that prevents cells with damaged DNA from initiating mitosis; regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. In response to DNA damage, double-strand break repair by homologous recombination a reduction of CDK2-mediated BRCA2 phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of RB1 disturbs its interaction with E2F1. NPM1 phosphorylation by cyclin E/CDK2 promotes its dissociates from unduplicated centrosomes, thus initiating centrosome duplication. Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at G1-S transition and until prophase stimulates the NPAT- mediated activation of histone gene transcription during S phase. Required for vitamin D-mediated growth inhibition by being itself inactivated. Involved in the nitric oxide- (NO) mediated signaling in a nitrosylation/activation-dependent manner. USP37 is activated by phosphorylation and thus triggers G1-S transition. CTNNB1 phosphorylation regulates insulin internalization. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ENZYME REGULATION: Phosphorylation at Thr-14 or Tyr-15 inactivates the enzyme, while phosphorylation at Thr-160 activates it. Inhibited by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)), AG- 024322, N-(4-Piperidinyl)-4-(2,6-dichlorobenzoylamino)-1H- pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AT7519), R547 (Ro-4584820), purine, pyrimidine and pyridine derivatives, 2-aminopyrimidines, paullones, thiazo derivatives, macrocyclic quinoxalin-2-one, pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, 2-(1- ethyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-benzylamino-9-isopropylpurine (roscovitine, seliciclib and CYC202), SNS-032 (BMS-387032), triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, staurosporine and olomoucine. Stimulated by MYC. Inactivated by CDKN1A (p21). SUBUNIT: Found in a complex with CABLES1, CCNA1 and CCNE1. Interacts with CABLES1 (By similarity). Interacts with UHRF2. Part of a complex consisting of UHRF2, CDK2 and CCNE1. Interacts with the Speedy/Ringo proteins SPDYA and SPDYC. Found in a complex with both SPDYA and CDKN1B/KIP1. Binds to RB1 and CDK7. Binding to CDKN1A (p21) leads to CDK2/cyclin E inactivation at the G1-S phase DNA damage checkpoint, thereby arresting cells at the G1-S transition during DNA repair. Associated with PTPN6 and beta- catenin/CTNNB1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosome. Nucleus, Cajal body. Cytoplasm. Endosome. Note=Localized at the centrosomes in late G2 phase after separation of the centrosomes but before the start of prophase. Nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking is mediated during the inhibition by 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=1; IsoId=P24941-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; Synonyms=CDK2deltaT; IsoId=P24941-2; Sequence=VSP_041998; INDUCTION: Induced transiently by TGFB1 at an early phase of TGFB1-mediated apoptosis. PTM: Phosphorylated at Thr-160 by CDK7 in a CAK complex. Phosphorylation at Thr-160 promotes kinase activity, whereas phosphorylation at Tyr-15 by WEE1 reduces slightly kinase activity. Phosphorylated on Thr-14 and Tyr-15 during S and G2 phases before being dephosphorylated by CDC25A. PTM: Nitrosylated after treatment with nitric oxide (DETA-NO). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/cdk2/"; GENE SYNONYMS:CDK2 CDKN2. COPYRIGHT: Protein annotation is derived from the UniProt Consortium (http://www.uniprot.org/). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License., SEQUENCE 298 AA; 33930 MW; F90A0F4E70910B51 CRC64;
biopax3:xref
biopax3:displayName
CDK2_HUMAN
biopax3:name
2.7.11.22, CDK2, Cell division protein kinase 2, p33 protein kinase
biopax3:entityFeature
biopax3:organism
biopax3:sequence
MENFQKVEKIGEGTYGVVYKARNKLTGEVVALKKIRLDTETEGVPSTAIREISLLKELNHPNIVKLLDVIHTENKLYLVFEFLHQDLKKFMDASALTGIPLPLIKSYLFQLLQGLAFCHSHRVLHRDLKPQNLLINTEGAIKLADFGLARAFGVPVRTYTHEVVTLWYRAPEILLGCKYYSTAVDIWSLGCIFAEMVTRRALFPGDSEIDQLFRIFRTLGTPDEVVWPGVTSMPDYKPSFPKWARQDFSKVVPPLDEDGRSLLSQMLHYDPNKRISAKAALAHPFFQDVTKPVPHLRL
biopax3:standardName
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2