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pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:abstractTextSeveral mutations that cause severe forms of the human disease autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa cluster in the C-terminal region of rhodopsin. Recent studies have implicated the C-terminal domain of rhodopsin in its trafficking on specialized post-Golgi membranes to the rod outer segment of the photoreceptor cell. Here we used synthetic peptides as competitive inhibitors of rhodopsin trafficking in the frog retinal cell-free system to delineate the potential regulatory sequence within the C terminus of rhodopsin and model the effects of severe retinitis pigmentosa alleles on rhodopsin sorting. The rhodopsin C-terminal sequence QVS(A)PA is highly conserved among different species. Peptides that correspond to the C terminus of bovine (amino acids 324-348) and frog (amino acids 330-354) rhodopsin inhibited post-Golgi trafficking by 50% and 60%, respectively, and arrested newly synthesized rhodopsin in the trans-Golgi network. Peptides corresponding to the cytoplasmic loops of rhodopsin and other control peptides had no effect. When three naturally occurring mutations: Q344ter (lacking the last five amino acids QVAPA), V345M, and P347S were introduced into the frog C-terminal peptide, the inhibitory activity of the peptides was no longer detectable. These observations suggest that the amino acids QVS(A)PA comprise a signal that is recognized by specific factors in the trans-Golgi network. A lack of recognition of this sequence, because of mutations in the last five amino acids causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, most likely results in abnormal post-Golgi membrane formation and in an aberrant subcellular localization of rhodopsin.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:authorpubmed-author:HargraveP APAlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:authorpubmed-author:McDowellJ HJHlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:authorpubmed-author:ArendtAAlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:authorpubmed-author:DereticDDlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:authorpubmed-author:SchmerlSSlld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:dateRevised2009-11-18lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:articleTitleRegulation of sorting and post-Golgi trafficking of rhodopsin by its C-terminal sequence QVS(A)PA.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. dereticd@umich.edulld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9724753pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.lld:pubmed
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