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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
umls-concept:C0017337,
umls-concept:C0021547,
umls-concept:C0037473,
umls-concept:C0040649,
umls-concept:C0086222,
umls-concept:C0205147,
umls-concept:C0332261,
umls-concept:C0439064,
umls-concept:C0582520,
umls-concept:C0598850,
umls-concept:C0851285,
umls-concept:C1705733
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pubmed:issue |
32
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pubmed:dateCreated |
1998-9-10
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pubmed:abstractText |
The sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter is a plasma membrane protein responsible for concentrative cellular accumulation of myo-inositol in a variety of tissues. When cells in kidney and brain are exposed to a hyperosmolar salt condition (hypertonicity) due to the operation of urinary concentration mechanism and pathological conditions, respectively, they survive the stress of hypertonicity by raising the cellular concentration of myo-inositol. Transcription of the sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter gene is markedly stimulated in response to hypertonicity, leading to an increase in the activity of the cotransporter, which in turn drives the osmoprotective accumulation of myo-inositol. To understand the molecular mechanisms by which hypertonicity stimulates transcription, we analyzed the 5'-flanking region of the cotransporter gene for cis-acting regulatory sequences. We identified five tonicity-responsive enhancers that are scattered over 50 kilobase pairs. All the enhancers are variations of the same type of enhancer interacting with the transcription factor named tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein. In vivo methylation experiments demonstrated that exposure of cells to hypertonicity increases the binding of tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein to the enhancer sites, indicating that all of these enhancers are involved in the transcriptional stimulation. We conclude that the sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter gene is regulated by a large region (approximately 50 kilobase pairs) upstream of the gene.
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pubmed:grant |
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pubmed:commentsCorrections |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-1372904,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-1550215,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-1864974,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-1924548,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-2493741,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7112124,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7495565,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7537337,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7544754,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7657791,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7675106,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7948784,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-7961914,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8120010,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8196651,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8430828,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8473504,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8476251,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8717373,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8779931,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8840014,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-8898018,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9124406,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9143369,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9195951,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9299172,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9441750,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9453011,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/9685419-9575900
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Aug
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pubmed:issn |
0021-9258
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:day |
7
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pubmed:volume |
273
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
20615-21
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2009-11-18
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Base Sequence,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Biological Transport,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Carrier Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Cell Line,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Cell Membrane,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Cloning, Molecular,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-DNA-Binding Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Enhancer Elements, Genetic,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Gene Expression Regulation,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Genes, Reporter,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Heat-Shock Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Hypertonic Solutions,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Inositol,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Membrane Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Molecular Sequence Data,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Osmolar Concentration,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Symporters,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Transcription, Genetic,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Transcription Factors,
pubmed-meshheading:9685419-Transfection
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pubmed:year |
1998
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Transcription of the sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter gene is regulated by multiple tonicity-responsive enhancers spread over 50 kilobase pairs in the 5'-flanking region.
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