Linked Life Data

9228730

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/9228730

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
5
pubmed:dateCreated
1997-8-7
pubmed:abstractText
Neurons, by virtue of intrinsic electrophysiological mechanisms, represent transducers that report the dynamics of cell death, receptor-ligand interactions, alterations in metabolism, and generic membrane perforation processes. In cell culture, mammalian neurons form fault-tolerant, spontaneously active systems with great sensitivity to their chemical environment and generate response profiles that are often concentration- and substance-specific. Changes in action potential patterns are usually detected before morphological changes and cell damage occur, which provides sensitivity and reversibility. Such biological systems can be used to screen rapidly for novel pharmacological substances, toxic agents, and for the detection of certain odorants. Existing simple culture preparations can already be employed effectively for the detection of chemical compounds. So far, three strategies have been investigated in pilot experiments: (1) Substance-dependent major changes in spontaneous native activity patterns. All synaptically active agents (e.g. glutamate, strychnine, N-methyl D-aspartic acid) as well as metabolic poisons generate such changes. (2) Substance-dependent changes in network oscillations via disinhibition. The regularized, oscillatory activity is altered by synaptically and metabolically active substances, ion channel blockers, and toxins. (3) Detection of paroxysmal responses indicating major, pathological membrane currents in large subpopulation of cells. We have explored these three strategies via 64 channel array recordings using spontaneously active murine spinal cord cultures. The glycine receptor blocker strychnine reliably generated increased multichannel bursting at 5-20 nM and regular, coordinated bursting above 5 microM. During biculline-induced network oscillations many compounds alter oscillation frequencies or terminate activity in a substance-specific manner. Finally, the gp120 protein of the AIDS virus (at 1 microgram/ml) produces massive, unique paroxysmal discharges that may last as long as 2 min. These results indicate that cultured neuronal networks are practical systems that can be used for the detection and identification of a great variety of chemical substances. The concept of dynamic fingerprinting to identify specific compounds is discussed.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:issn
0956-5663
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
12
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
373-93
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-7-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1997
pubmed:articleTitle
Odor, drug and toxin analysis with neuronal networks in vitro: extracellular array recording of network responses.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton 76203, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't