Linked Life Data

7516116

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/7516116

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
5
pubmed:dateCreated
1994-7-13
pubmed:abstractText
This study was designed to develop standard procedures whereby the removal efficiency of handwash techniques can be determined. A known amount of the insecticide chlorpyrifos (Dursban), was transferred to the hands of volunteers, which were washed by a standard technique. The following experimental variables were studied: time between exposure and washing, washing solvent, and skin loading. Ethanol removed only 30% of the chlorpyrifos on skin at loadings of approximately 7 micrograms/cm2, with residence time on skin having no effect. Prewashing with ethanol increased removal efficiency. A 10% isopropanol/distilled-water wash removed 43% immediately following exposure, and 23% one hour post-exposure, with skin loadings of approximately 12 micrograms/cm2. Removal efficiency immediately following contact decreased for lower skin loading levels (21-23% for loadings of 0.1-1 micrograms/cm2). These findings indicate that substantial amounts of the insecticide were either absorbed through or adsorbed to the skin, and that pesticide residue levels recovered by standard handwashing techniques are unlikely to represent accurate estimates of dermal exposure. Approximately two-fold to five-fold underestimations of exposure can occur for pesticides with handwash procedures similar to those tested. All experimental variables studied can each alter significantly the fraction of total pesticide on skin that handwashing removes. If handwashing is to be used to estimate dermal exposure in the workplace, appropriate laboratory-based removal efficiency studies should be conducted prior to field investigations. Further efforts should be made to develop accurate and reproducible hand measurement techniques.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
May
pubmed:issn
0002-8894
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
55
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
425-32
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1994
pubmed:articleTitle
Determination of handwash removal efficiency: incomplete removal of the pesticide chlorpyrifos from skin by standard handwash techniques.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't