Linked Life Data

3122033

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/3122033

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1
pubmed:dateCreated
1988-1-27
pubmed:abstractText
The cost-effectiveness of using short-term genotoxicity tests to screen unknown chemicals for carcinogenicity depends upon the inherent reliability of the tests (sensitivity, or fraction of carcinogens giving positive results, and specificity, or fraction of non-carcinogens giving negative results) and also upon the proportion of carcinogens in the population of chemicals to be screened. Individual tests may be combined into batteries to improve reliability; however, this requires decision rules to declare the overall result positive or negative. A framework for developing such rules based upon minimizing costs of false-positives and false-negatives was presented in a seminal paper by Lave and Omenn (1986, Nature (London), 324, 29-34). We have extended their work, which is based on logit analysis, to consider, using Bayes' theorem, the influence of the proportion of carcinogens upon the decision rules for declaring a battery result positive or negative. If the proportion of carcinogens is high (20% or greater), then the most effective tests are those with high sensitivity, and if the proportion of carcinogens is low, then the most effective tests are those with high specificity.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jan
pubmed:issn
0027-5107
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
197
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
1-13
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1988
pubmed:articleTitle
The influence of the proportion of carcinogens on the cost-effectiveness of short-term tests.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't