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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
umls-concept:C0001480,
umls-concept:C0011065,
umls-concept:C0015376,
umls-concept:C0021467,
umls-concept:C0021469,
umls-concept:C0024432,
umls-concept:C0051962,
umls-concept:C0181586,
umls-concept:C0205263,
umls-concept:C1120843,
umls-concept:C1879547
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pubmed:issue |
1
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2011-7-22
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pubmed:abstractText |
Detection of microbial constituents by membrane associated and cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors is the essence of innate immunity, leading to activation of protective host responses. However, it is still unclear how immune cells specifically respond to pathogenic bacteria. Using virulent and nonvirulent strains of Bacillus anthracis, we have shown that secretion of ATP by infected macrophages and the sequential activation of the P2X7 purinergic receptor and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors are critical for IL-1-dependent host protection from virulent B. anthracis. Importantly, lethal toxin produced by virulent B. anthracis blocked activation of protein kinases, p38 MAPK and AKT, resulting in opening of a connexin ATP release channel and induction of macrophage death. Prevention of cell death or ATP release through constitutive p38 or AKT activation interfered with inflammasome activation and IL-1? production, thereby compromising antimicrobial immunity.
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pubmed:grant |
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Adenosine Triphosphate,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Antigens, Bacterial,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Bacterial Toxins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Connexin 43,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Inflammasomes,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Interleukin-1beta,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/NALP1 protein, mouse,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Oncogene Protein v-akt,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Receptors, Purinergic P2X7,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/anthrax toxin,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein...
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Jul
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pubmed:issn |
1097-4180
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:copyrightInfo |
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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pubmed:issnType |
Electronic
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pubmed:day |
22
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pubmed:volume |
35
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
34-44
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2011-10-6
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Adenosine Triphosphate,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Anthrax,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Antigens, Bacterial,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Apoptosis,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Bacillus anthracis,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Bacterial Toxins,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Cells, Cultured,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Connexin 43,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Immunity, Innate,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Inflammasomes,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Interleukin-1beta,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Macrophages, Peritoneal,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Mice,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Mice, Inbred C57BL,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Mutation,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Oncogene Protein v-akt,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Receptors, Purinergic P2X7,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-Virulence,
pubmed-meshheading:21683629-p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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pubmed:year |
2011
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Anthrax toxin induces macrophage death by p38 MAPK inhibition but leads to inflammasome activation via ATP leakage.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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