Linked Life Data

21622210

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/21622210

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:dateCreated
2011-5-30
pubmed:abstractText
Matrix vesicles (MVs) induce calcification during endochondral bone formation. Experimental methods for structural, compositional, and functional analysis of MVs are reviewed. MV proteins, enzymes, receptors, transporters, regulators, lipids and electrolytes are detailed. MV formation is considered from both structural and biochemical perspectives. Confocal imaging of Ca(2+) and H(+) were used to depict how living chondrocytes form MVs. Biochemical studies revealed that coordinated mitochondrial Ca(2+) and Pi metabolism produce MVs containing a nucleational complex (NC) of amorphous calcium phosphate, phosphatidylserine and annexin A5--all critical to the mechanism of mineral nucleation. Reconstitution of the NC and modeling with unilamellar vesicles reveal how the NC transforms into octacalcium phosphate, regulated by Mg(2+), Zn(2+) and annexin A5. Extravasation of intravesicular mineral is mediated by phospholipases and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). In the extravesicular matrix, hydroxyapatite crystal propagation is enhanced by cartilage collagens and TNAP, which destroys inhibitory PPi, and by metalloproteases that degrade proteoglycans. Other proteins also modulate mineral formation. Recent findings from single and multiple gene knockouts of TNAP, NPP1, ANK, PHOSPHO1, and Annexin A5 are reviewed.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:issn
1093-4715
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
17
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
2812-902
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2011
pubmed:articleTitle
Matrix vesicles: structure, composition, formation and function in calcification.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. uthierr@bellsouth.net
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural