Linked Life Data

21334749

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/21334749

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2011-3-22
pubmed:abstractText
Trophoblast deportation, the removal of trophoblastic debris from the placenta via the maternal blood, was first described over 100 years ago. Deported trophoblastic debris ranges in size from nano-meter scale subcellular particles to large multinucleated syncytial knots. Whether trophoblast deportation has any biological significance remains unclear. However, the (semi) allogeneic fetus must induce maternal tolerance to paternally inherited placental antigens. We propose that the clearance of deported trophoblasts may be a mechanism by which the maternal immune system is maintained in a state of tolerance towards paternal antigens. Using an in vitro model, we have shown that when syncytial knots are shed by an apoptosis-like programmed cell death process, then phagocytosed by macrophages, the macrophages produce a tolerogenic response. However, necrotic syncytial knots, when phagocytosed, appear to be immunostimulatory. We have also shown that endothelial cells are likely to be involved in the clearance of syncytial knots from the pulmonary vessels. Phagocytosis of apoptotic syncytial knots by endothelial cells is silent while phagocytosis of necrotic syncytial knots leads to endothelial cell activation characterised by increased endothelial cell-surface adhesion molecule expression and secretion of IL-6 and TGF?1. All of these molecules may interact with the maternal immune system to exacerbate any adverse maternal response. We propose that in normal pregnancy clearance of apoptotic syncytial knots is important to maintain maternal immune tolerance to the fetus and that in abnormal pregnancies, especially preeclampsia, clearance of necrotic syncytial knots may contribute to the pathogenesis of that condition.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Mar
pubmed:issn
1872-7603
pubmed:author
pubmed:copyrightInfo
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
88
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
99-105
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2011
pubmed:articleTitle
Trophoblast deportation: just a waste disposal system or antigen sharing?
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Park Rd, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. l.chamley@auckland.ac.nz
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review