| pubmed-article:21242297 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0004153 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0668195 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0011155 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1326502 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:issue | 2 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2011-2-15 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:abstractText | Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 15 is a member of the transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) superfamily, which operates in acute phase responses through a currently unknown receptor. Elevated GDF-15 serum levels were recently identified as a risk factor for acute coronary syndromes. We show that GDF-15 expression is up-regulated as disease progresses in murine atherosclerosis and primarily colocalizes with plaque macrophages. Hematopoietic GDF-15 deficiency in low density lipoprotein receptor(-/-) mice led to impaired initial lesion formation and increased collagen in later lesions. Although lesion burden in GDF-15(-/-) chimeras was unaltered, plaques had reduced macrophage infiltrates and decreased necrotic core formation, all features of improved plaque stability. In vitro studies pointed to a TGF?RII-dependent regulatory role of GDF-15 in cell death regulation. Importantly, GDF-15(-/-) macrophages displayed reduced CCR2 expression, whereas GDF-15 promoted macrophage chemotaxis in a strictly CCR2- and TGF?RII-dependent manner, a phenomenon which was not observed in G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2(+/-) macrophages. In conclusion, GDF-15 deletion has a beneficial effect both in early and later atherosclerosis by inhibition of CCR2-mediated chemotaxis and by modulating cell death. Our study is the first to identify GDF-15 as an acute phase modifier of CCR2/TGF?RII-dependent inflammatory responses to vascular injury. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:commentsCorrections | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:month | Feb | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:issn | 1540-9538 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SchilpMM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WeberChristia... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HeijnenCobi... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:van... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KuiperJohanJ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BiessenErik... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KavelaarsAnne... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:de... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MurianaFranci... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:de... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BotMartineM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:AbiaRocioR | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KoenenRory... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BotIlzeI | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BermúdezBeatr... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:day | 14 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:volume | 208 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:pagination | 217-25 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2011-8-25 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21242297... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:year | 2011 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:articleTitle | Growth differentiation factor 15 deficiency protects against atherosclerosis by attenuating CCR2-mediated macrophage chemotaxis. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:affiliation | Biopharmaceutics, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands. s.de.jager@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21242297 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| entrez-gene:23886 | entrezgene:pubmed | pubmed-article:21242297 | lld:entrezgene |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | entrezgene:pubmed | pubmed-article:21242297 | lld:entrezgene |
