Linked Life Data

20851954

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/20851954

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
22
pubmed:dateCreated
2010-11-8
pubmed:abstractText
A total of 214 rainwater samples from 82 tanks were collected in urban Southeast Queensland (SEQ) in Australia and analyzed for the presence and numbers of zoonotic bacterial and protozoal pathogens using binary PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) analysis was used to quantify the risk of infection associated with the exposure to potential pathogens from roof-harvested rainwater used as potable or nonpotable water. Of the 214 samples tested, 10.7%, 9.8%, 5.6%, and 0.4% were positive for the Salmonella invA, Giardia lamblia ?-giardin, Legionella pneumophila mip, and Campylobacter jejuni mapA genes, respectively. Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst wall protein (COWP) could not be detected. The estimated numbers of Salmonella, G. lamblia, and L. pneumophila organisms ranged from 6.5 × 10¹ to 3.8 × 10² cells, 0.6 × 10? to 3.6 × 10? cysts, and 6.0 × 10¹ to 1.7 × 10² cells per 1,000 ml of water, respectively. Six risk scenarios were considered for exposure to Salmonella spp., G. lamblia, and L. pneumophila. For Salmonella spp. and G. lamblia, these scenarios were (i) liquid ingestion due to drinking of rainwater on a daily basis, (ii) accidental liquid ingestion due to hosing twice a week, (iii) aerosol ingestion due to showering on a daily basis, and (iv) aerosol ingestion due to hosing twice a week. For L. pneumophila, these scenarios were (i) aerosol inhalation due to showering on a daily basis and (ii) aerosol inhalation due to hosing twice a week. The risk of infection from Salmonella spp., G. lamblia, and L. pneumophila associated with the use of rainwater for showering and garden hosing was calculated to be well below the threshold value of one extra infection per 10,000 persons per year in urban SEQ. However, the risk of infection from ingesting Salmonella spp. and G. lamblia via drinking exceeded this threshold value and indicated that if undisinfected rainwater is ingested by drinking, then the incidences of the gastrointestinal diseases salmonellosis and giardiasis are expected to range from 9.8 × 10° to 5.4 × 10¹ (with a mean of 1.2 × 10¹ from Monte Carlo analysis) and from 1.0 × 10¹ to 6.5 × 10¹ cases (with a mean of 1.6 × 10¹ from Monte Carlo analysis) per 10,000 persons per year, respectively, in urban SEQ. Since this health risk seems higher than that expected from the reported incidences of gastroenteritis, the assumptions used to estimate these infection risks are critically examined. Nonetheless, it would seem prudent to disinfect rainwater for use as potable water.
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-10427030, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-10497833, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-11207620, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-11317899, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-11442712, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-12450810, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-12957899, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-14711629, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-15184165, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-15691961, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-15752345, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-16000824, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-16031653, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-16672107, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-16723368, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-17991506, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-18165357, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-18209278, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-18621865, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-19270144, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-19762063, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-2029038, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-20657617, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-20724681, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-2925252, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-3892021, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-6338824, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-7659516, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/20851954-8704367
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Nov
pubmed:issn
1098-5336
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
76
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
7382-91
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-7-28
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2010
pubmed:articleTitle
Health risk from the use of roof-harvested rainwater in Southeast Queensland, Australia, as potable or nonpotable water, determined using quantitative microbial risk assessment.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Environment and Resource Management, Indooroopilly, Brisbane 4068, Queensland, Australia. shuhat@yahoo.com
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't