Linked Life Data

20413423

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/20413423

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
3
pubmed:dateCreated
2010-9-10
pubmed:abstractText
Classical models of transcription in vascular endothelial cells, specifically the cis/trans paradigm, have limitations. For instance, how does the environment have chronic effects on gene expression in endothelial cells after weeks or years? When an endothelial cell divides, how is this information transmitted to daughter cells? Epigenetics refers to chromatin-based pathways important in the regulation of gene expression and includes three distinct, but highly interrelated, mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone density and posttranslational modifications, and RNA-based mechanisms. Together they offer a newer perspective on transcriptional control paradigms in vascular endothelial cells and provide a molecular basis for understanding how the environment impacts the genome to modify disease susceptibility. This alternative viewpoint for transcriptional regulation allows a reassessment of the cis/trans model and even helps explain some of its limitations. This review provides an introduction to epigenetic concepts for vascular biologists and uses topical examples in cell biology to provide insight into how cell types or even whole organisms, such as monozygotic human twins with the same DNA sequence, can exhibit heterogeneous patterns of gene expression, phenotype, or diseases prevalence. Using endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) as an example, we examine the growing body of evidence implicating epigenetic pathways in the control of vascular endothelial gene expression in health and disease.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
1522-1601
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
109
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
916-26
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2010
pubmed:articleTitle
Epigenetics of the vascular endothelium.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Medical Biophysics, Rm 7358, Medical Sciences Bldg., University of Toronto, and Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't