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pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:abstractTextIn Xenopus laevis, amputation of the adult limb results in the formation of a simple (hypomorphic) spike-like structure without joints, although tadpole limb bud regenerates complete limb pattern. The expression of some joint marker genes was examined in limb development and regeneration. Bmp-4 and gdf-5 were expressed and sox-9 expression was decreased in the joint region. Although developing cartilages were well-organized and had bmp-4 expressing perichondrocytes, the spike cartilage did not have such a structure, but only showed sparse bmp-4 expression. Application of BMP4-soaked beads to the spike led to the induction of a joint-like structure. These results suggest that the lack of joints in the spike is due to the deficiency of the accumulation of the cells that express bmp-4. Improvement of regeneration in the Xenopus adult limb that we report here for the first time will give us important insights into epimorphic regeneration.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:authorpubmed-author:SuzukiMakotoMlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:authorpubmed-author:IdeHiroyukiHlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:authorpubmed-author:TamuraKojiKlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:authorpubmed-author:SatohAkiraAlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:authorpubmed-author:AmanoTakanori...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:copyrightInfo(c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:volume233lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:pagination1444-53lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:dateRevised2008-11-21lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:year2005lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:articleTitleJoint development in Xenopus laevis and induction of segmentations in regenerating froglet limb (spike).lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15977182pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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