Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2004-12-7
pubmed:abstractText
Hypocretin/orexin neurons give rise to an extensive projection system, portions of which innervate multiple regions associated with the regulation of behavioral state. These regions include the locus coeruleus, medial septal area, medial preoptic area, and substantia innominata. Evidence indicates that hypocretin modulates behavioral state via actions within each of these terminal fields. To understand better the circuitry underlying hypocretin-dependent modulation of behavioral state, the present study characterized the degree to which there exists: 1) lateralization of hypocretin efferents to basal forebrain and brainstem arousal-related regions, 2) topographic organization of basal forebrain- and brainstem-projecting hypocretin neurons, and 3) collateralization of individual hypocretin neurons to these arousal-related terminal fields. These studies utilized combined immunohistochemical identification of hypocretin neurons with single or double retrograde tracing from the locus coeruleus, medial preoptic area, medial septal area, and substantia innominata. Results indicate that approximately 80% of hypocretin efferents to basal forebrain regions project ipsilaterally, whereas projections to the locus coeruleus are more bilateral (65%). There was a slight preference for basal forebrain-projecting hypocretin neurons to be distributed within the medial half of the hypocretin cell group. In contrast, hypocretin neurons projecting to the locus coeruleus were located primarily within the dorsal half of the hypocretin cell group. Finally, a large proportion of hypocretin neurons appear to project simultaneously to at least two of the examined terminal fields. These latter observations suggest coordinated actions of hypocretin across multiple arousal-related regions.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jan
pubmed:issn
0021-9967
pubmed:author
pubmed:copyrightInfo
2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
10
pubmed:volume
481
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
160-78
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Animals, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Arousal, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Cholera Toxin, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Efferent Pathways, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Hypothalamic Area, Lateral, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Immunohistochemistry, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Locus Coeruleus, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Male, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Neuropeptides, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Preoptic Area, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Presynaptic Terminals, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Prosencephalon, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Rats, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Rats, Sprague-Dawley, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Septal Nuclei, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Stilbamidines, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Substantia Innominata, pubmed-meshheading:15562511-Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate
pubmed:year
2005
pubmed:articleTitle
Organization of hypocretin/orexin efferents to locus coeruleus and basal forebrain arousal-related structures.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1611, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't