Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:dateCreated
2004-6-29
pubmed:abstractText
In this paper we review pathophysiologic aspects of heart failure (HF). Mechanisms that normally act to prevent decrease in stroke volume and peripheral pressure are activated in HF and become maladaptive. These mechanisms lead to cardiac stimulation (inotropism, chronopism and lusotropism), peripheral vasoconstriction and sodium and water retention. HF progression is related to a) neurohumoral mechanisms, signaled by neurohumoral messengers; b) inflammatory activation; and c) ventricular remodeling that can be both cause and consequence of HF. We review the main neurohumoral mechanisms, some "regulators" (vasoconstrictors, antinatriuretics, inotropics and proliferatives) and some "counter-regulators" (vasodilators, natriuretics, negative inotropics and antiproliferatives). The first group includes the sympathetic nervous system, the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, arginine-vasopressive and endothelin, while in the second group natriuretic peptides, nitric oxide, bradykinin, vasodilator prostaglandins, the dopaminergic system, adrenomedullin and parasympathetic mechanisms are included. In inflammatory activation we review cytokines and oxidative stress. In ventricular remodeling we review modifications in myocyte function and morphology as well as modifications in the interstitium. Actions and interactions between these systems are the main factors leading to HF progression.
pubmed:language
por
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
May
pubmed:issn
0870-2551
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
23 Suppl 2
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
II7-23
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2004
pubmed:articleTitle
[Physiopathology of heart failure].
pubmed:affiliation
Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular (FCT), Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, English Abstract, Review