Linked Life Data

15177850

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/15177850

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2004-6-4
pubmed:abstractText
The pharmacologic field that studies antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) has had a major impact on the choice and dosing regimens used for many antibiotics especially those used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. PK/PD parameters are particularly important in light of increasing antimicrobial resistance. Drug pharmacokinetic features, such as serum concentrations over time and area under the concentration-time curve, when integrated with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of antibiotics against pathogens, can predict the probability of bacterial eradication and clinical success. These pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationships also are important in preventing the selection and spread of resistant strains and have led to the description of the mutation prevention concentration, which is the lowest concentration of antimicrobial that prevents selection of resistant bacteria from high bacterial inocula. b-lactams are time-dependent agents without significant post-antibiotic effects, resulting in bacterial eradication when unbound serum concentrations exceed MICs of these agents against infecting pathogens for >40% to 50% of the dosing interval. Macrolides, azaolides, and lincosamides are time-dependent agents with prolonged post-antibiotic effects, and fluoroquinolones are concentration-dependent agents, resulting in both cases in bacterial eradication when unbound serum area-under-the-curve to MIC ratios exceed 25 to 30. These observations have led to changes in recommended antimicrobial dosing against respiratory pathogens and are used to assess the role of current agents, develop new formulations, and assess potency of new antimicrobials.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jun
pubmed:issn
0272-2712
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
24
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
477-502
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-3-28
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2004
pubmed:articleTitle
Application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to antimicrobial therapy of respiratory tract infections.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Room H4/572, Madison, WI 53792, USA. dra@medicine.wisc.edu
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review