| pubmed-article:11298793 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0027121 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034721 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034693 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0175442 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1658974 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:issue | 7 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2001-4-12 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:abstractText | To investigate whether motoneurons react to signals deriving from target inflammation, we studied the facial motor nucleus after injections of phytohaemagglutinin in the snout of adult rats. This plant lectin is a tool widely used to induce proliferation and activation of T lymphocytes, and we observed marked lymphocyte infiltration in the injected facial muscles. Retrograde labelling of motoneurons was not detected after peripheral injections of fluorochrome-conjugated phytohaemagglutinin. Nitric oxide synthase, revealed by NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry, OX-42-immunoreactive microglia, and expression of the cell death repressor gene bcl-2, investigated with nonradioactive in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, were evaluated in the facial nucleus. Daily phytohaemagglutinin injections for 4 days, mimicking repeated muscle exposure to inflammatory stimuli, resulted after 2-day survival in NADPH-diaphorase induction in motoneurons and marked activation of the surrounding microglia. Quantitative image analysis of NADPH-diaphorase staining, and OX-42 immunoreactivity and microglial cell counts indicated highly significant increases with respect to saline-injected control cases. The occurrence of a neuroprotective retrograde response was evaluated monitoring bcl-2 expression. Following single phytohaemagglutinin administration, bcl-2 mRNA was significantly upregulated at 6 h in facial motoneurons and returned to basal levels at 24 h. Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was markedly upregulated at 24 h and was still significantly higher than in controls at 7 days, when concomitant NADPH-diaphorase induction in motoneurons and microglia activation was also observed. No degenerative features were observed in motoneurons after phytohaemagglutinin injections at the examined time-points. The data point out that local muscle inflammation retrogradely elicits gene activation in motoneurons and their microenvironment. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:month | Apr | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:issn | 0953-816X | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KristenssonKK | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BentivoglioMM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MariottiRR | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:TongiorgiEE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BressanCC | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ArmellinMM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:volume | 13 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:pagination | 1329-38 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2006-11-15 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:11298793... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:year | 2001 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:articleTitle | Retrograde response of the rat facial motor nucleus to muscle inflammation elicited by phytohaemagglutinin. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Morphological and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Medical Faculty, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11298793 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:11298793 | lld:pubmed |
