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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
umls-concept:C0002395,
umls-concept:C0021467,
umls-concept:C0021469,
umls-concept:C0166417,
umls-concept:C0235032,
umls-concept:C0243192,
umls-concept:C0333348,
umls-concept:C0441712,
umls-concept:C0871261,
umls-concept:C1704632,
umls-concept:C1706817,
umls-concept:C2911692
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pubmed:issue |
2
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2000-2-9
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pubmed:abstractText |
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the extracellular deposition of beta-amyloid fibrils within the brain and the subsequent association and phenotypic activation of microglial cells associated with the amyloid plaque. The activated microglia mount a complex local proinflammatory response with the secretion of a diverse range of inflammatory products. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are efficacious in reducing the incidence and risk of AD and significantly delaying disease progression. A recently appreciated target of NSAIDs is the ligand-activated nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). PPARgamma is a DNA-binding transcription factor whose transcriptional regulatory actions are activated after agonist binding. We report that NSAIDs, drugs of the thiazolidinedione class, and the natural ligand prostaglandin J2 act as agonists for PPARgamma and inhibit the beta-amyloid-stimulated secretion of proinflammatory products by microglia and monocytes responsible for neurotoxicity and astrocyte activation. The activation of PPARgamma also arrested the differentiation of monocytes into activated macrophages. PPARgamma agonists were shown to inhibit the beta-amyloid-stimulated expression of the cytokine genes interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Furthermore, PPARgamma agonists inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase-2. These data provide direct evidence that PPARgamma plays a critical role in regulating the inflammatory responses of microglia and monocytes to beta-amyloid. We argue that the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of AD may be a consequence of their actions on PPARgamma rather than on their canonical targets the cyclooxygenases. Importantly, the efficacy of these agents in inhibiting a broad range of inflammatory responses suggests PPARgamma agonists may provide a novel therapeutic approach to AD.
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pubmed:grant |
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Amyloid beta-Peptides,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Anti-Inflammatory Agents...,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Chromans,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Cyclooxygenase 2,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Dinoprost,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Interleukin-6,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Isoenzymes,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Membrane Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/PTGS2 protein, human,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Peptide Fragments,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Recombinant Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Thiazoles,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Thiazolidinediones,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Transcription Factors,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/amyloid beta-protein (1-40),
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/amyloid beta-protein (25-35),
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/troglitazone
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Jan
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pubmed:issn |
1529-2401
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Electronic
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pubmed:day |
15
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pubmed:volume |
20
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
558-67
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2010-11-18
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Alzheimer Disease,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Amyloid beta-Peptides,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Animals, Newborn,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Astrocytes,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Brain,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Cell Differentiation,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Chromans,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Cyclooxygenase 2,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Dinoprost,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Genes, Reporter,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Inflammation,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Interleukin-6,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Isoenzymes,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Membrane Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Mice,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Mice, Inbred C57BL,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Microbodies,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Microglia,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Monocytes,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Peptide Fragments,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Recombinant Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Thiazoles,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Thiazolidinediones,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Transcription Factors,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Transfection,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Tumor Cells, Cultured,
pubmed-meshheading:10632585-Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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pubmed:year |
2000
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: inhibition of beta-amyloid-stimulated proinflammatory responses and neurotoxicity by PPARgamma agonists.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Alzheimer Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurosciences and Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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