Linked Life Data

990054

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/990054

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
1976-12-23
pubmed:abstractText
Some steroid hormones as well as clomiphene have been administered to new-born rats (postnatally) or to pregnant rats (prenatally) in order to study the effect on the future gonadal function of the animals born before or after the injection. A single postnatal androgen injection in oily solution influences only the female function; estrogen or the combination of androgen and estrogen are effective in both sexes preventing the ovulation or damaging the testicles. If the hormone is administered in water instead of oil, several injections are necessary in order to obtain an effect. Only the aqueous solution of clomiphene produces a positive effect even given in a single injection. When a single postnatal injection is effective the same result can be obtained after prenatal administration but only following intraamniotic injection. Clomiphene is an exception to this rule; intraamniotic injection has no effect. These observations permit the following conclusions: 1. It is possible to influence the hypothalamus-hypophysis function not only in the first days of life but already in the prenatal period. 2. As androgen damages only the ovary, estrogen however the gonads of both sexes, the mechanisme of action can not be the same. Androgen alters the function of the sexual centres in the brain only in the female rat, estrogen paralyses this function in both sexes. 3. Prenatal injection of hormone is only effective if administered intraamniotically (eliminating in this way the action of the placenta). This proves the important role of the placenta in the metabolisme of the hormones. 4. Other possible consequences of postnatal androgen administration as permanent obstruction of the vagina or hypertrophy of the clitoris can be obtained equally by prenatal intraamniotic injection. These phenomena can also occur independent of the avarian processes, being due to direct hormonal action. 5. Tubo-ovarian inflammation and abscesses are observed with relative frequency especially following estrogen or clomiphene-administration. The cause is unknown but we can assume that circulatory disorders in the genital area, produced by the hormone, are responsible for the frequency of these phenomena.
pubmed:keyword
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Androgens--side effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Animals, Laboratory, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Biology, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Clinical Research, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Clomiphene--side effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Congenital Abnormalities, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Diseases, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/EMBRYO, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Endocrine System, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Estradiol--side effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Estrogens--side effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Fallopian Tubes, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Family Planning, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Fertility Agents, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Fetal Membranes, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Fetus, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Genitalia, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Genitalia, Female, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Genitalia, Male, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/HYPOTHALAMUS, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Hormones, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Neonatal Diseases And Abnormalities, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Ovary, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Physiology, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Pregnancy, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Reproduction, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Reproductive Control Agents, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Research Methodology, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Testis, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Testosterone--side effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Tubal Effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Urogenital Effects, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Urogenital System, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Vagina
pubmed:language
ger
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0003-9128
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
17
pubmed:volume
221
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
103-18
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:otherAbstract
PIP: Several studies researching the effect of hormonal administration on the gonadal functions of rats are correlated. Hormonal preparations that are administered in oily solutions affect gonadal functions only if the injection is postnatal or intraamniotic. This indicates that the placenta plays an important role in maintaining a hormonal balance for the fetus after the mother receives extraamniotic, sc, or ip injections. Hormonal injections administered in water solutions must be repeated to have an effect. Clomiphene will affect gonadal functions when injected postnatally, but not when injected intraamniotically; experiments show that this is not due to any effect of amniotic fluid or clomiphene. Postnatal injection of testosterone affects only female animals, which would indicate a transformation of the biphasic function of the sexual centers of the cerebrum. Estradiol affects both sexes, which seems to result from a paralysis of the biphasal function. Intraamniotic injection of hormones or immediate postnatal injection of testosterone will hinder the opening of the vagina and cause hypertrophy of the clitoris, which will not always coincide with anovulatory ovaries. This would indicate different causes for these various dysfunctions. Inflammation of the adnexa uteri often accompanies hormonal injections (especially estrogen and clomiphene), which is probably linked to disturbances in the genital circulatory system.
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1976
pubmed:articleTitle
[Gonadal function of rats following pre- or postnatal administration of some hormones (author's transl)].
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., English Abstract