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Recent studies have revealed that interleukin (IL)-13, as well as IL-4, causes de novo surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on endothelial cells of the umbilical vein and accelerates selective eosinophil migration. However, its role in allergic rhinitis remains to be clarified. Of particular interest is whether IL-13 upregulates VCAM-1 expression in human mucosal microvascular endothelial cells (HMMECs), to which eosinophils adhere in nasal mucosa.
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