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| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| rdf:type | |
| lifeskim:mentions | |
| pubmed:issue |
2
|
| pubmed:dateCreated |
1998-7-27
|
| pubmed:abstractText |
To investigate how cigarette smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, risk factors were compared between 166 cigarette smokers and 312 non-smokers, in a random sample of males (Chinese, Malays and Asian Indians) aged 30-69 years from the general population of Singapore. There was adjusted for age and ethnic group. The prevalence of hypertension was lower in cigarette smokers (15.2%) than non-smokers (21.9%), with the difference reduced by adjustment for body mass index (BMI). Smokers had: lower mean serum HDL-cholesterol (0.76 versus 0.81 mmol/l) and higher mean serum fasting triglyceride (1.92 versus 1.71 mmol/l), which will increase atherosclerosis; higher mean plasma fibrinogen (2.75 versus 2.67 g/l) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1] (24.9 versus 22.2 ng/ml), which will increase thrombosis; and lower mean plasma vitamin C (4.4 versus 6.4 mg/l) and serum selenium (118 versus 123 microg/l), which may increase atherosclerosis. Adjustment for BMI slightly increased the differences for HDL-cholesterol, fasting triglyceride, fibrinogen and PAI-1, indicating that less generalised obesity among smokers reduces their increased cardiovascular disease risk. Smoking was not found to be related to: diabetes mellitus; serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoproteins A1 and B and lipoprotein(a); plasma factor VIIc and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2; and plasma vitamins A and E and serum ferritin. There was no evidence of increased insulin resistance in smokers, as measured by mean fasting serum insulin.
|
| pubmed:language |
eng
|
| pubmed:journal | |
| pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
|
| pubmed:chemical |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Antioxidants,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Fibrinogen,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Insulin,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Lipids,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Reactive Oxygen Species
|
| pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
|
| pubmed:month |
Apr
|
| pubmed:issn |
0021-9150
|
| pubmed:author | |
| pubmed:issnType |
Print
|
| pubmed:volume |
137
|
| pubmed:owner |
NLM
|
| pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
|
| pubmed:pagination |
253-8
|
| pubmed:dateRevised |
2011-11-17
|
| pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Adult,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Aged,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Antioxidants,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Body Mass Index,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Cardiovascular Diseases,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Ethnic Groups,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Fibrinogen,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Insulin,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Lipids,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Male,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Middle Aged,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Prevalence,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Questionnaires,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Random Allocation,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Reactive Oxygen Species,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Retrospective Studies,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Risk Factors,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Singapore,
pubmed-meshheading:9622268-Smoking
|
| pubmed:year |
1998
|
| pubmed:articleTitle |
Cardiovascular risk factors in relation to cigarette smoking: a population-based survey among Asians in Singapore.
|
| pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. cofkh@nus.edu.sg
|
| pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Comparative Study,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
|