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pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:abstractTextCell associated and cell-free simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were used to investigate transmission of SIV across the vaginal mucosa of rhesus macaques. The intact vaginal epithelium was found to be a strong but penetrable barrier to cell-free SIV infection. We found that 10,000-fold more cell-free SIV was needed to infect 100% of the macaques by the vaginal route when compared to the dose needed to infect 100% by the intravenous (i.v.) route. Like cell-free SIV, cell-associated SIV was an efficient means of transmission if given by the i.v. route; as few as 2 SIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were infectious inoculum. However, macaques were resistant to cell-associated SIV when exposed by the vaginal route; 10,000 SIV-infected PBMC failed to infect vaginally inoculated macaques. It was also found that vaginal transmission of cell-free SIV to macaques increased during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle compared to the follicular phase. Results with this animal model predict that cell-free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is likely to be the more efficient mode of HIV vaginal transmission and that susceptibility may vary during the menstrual cycle.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:dateRevised2007-11-14lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:articleTitleVaginal transmission of SIV: assessing infectivity and hormonal influences in macaques inoculated with cell-free and cell-associated viral stocks.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:affiliationAaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10016, USA.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9581895pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.lld:pubmed
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