Linked Life Data

9566994

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/9566994

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
5
pubmed:dateCreated
1998-6-8
pubmed:abstractText
Vitamin A intake from food sources, not including breast milk, was determined from seven consecutive 24-h recalls for 55 children (mean age 20.8 mo, SD 8.9) from two poor communities of Guatemala City. Not including vitamin A derived from fortified sugar or breast milk, the median daily vitamin A intake was 194 retinol equivalents (RE). Including vitamin A derived from fortified sugar but not including that derived from breast milk, the median total vitamin A intake (25th and 75th percentiles) was 338 RE (146 and 617 RE) of which 78% was preformed retinol and 22% provitamin A. More than 90% of total vitamin A intake from non-breast milk food sources was derived from only 10 items; over half came from three fortified foods: fortified sugar, Incaparina and margarine. Sugar samples from 91 households in 1991 had a median of 3.3 RE/g (range, 0.0-29.9 RE/g), <25% of the target level (13-17 RE/g); nevertheless, fortified sugar provided 25% of these children's total vitamin A intake (81 RE/d) from non-breast milk food sources and their intake approached the level recommended by the FAO/WHO (400 RE/d). These results show that fortified foods make an important contribution towards vitamin A intake in this sample of poor urban Guatemalan toddlers.
pubmed:keyword
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Age Factors, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Americas, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Biology, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/CHILD, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Central America, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Child Nutrition, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/DIET, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Delivery Of Health Care, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Demographic Factors, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Developing Countries, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Economic Factors, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Food Supplementation, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Guatemala, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Health, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Health Services, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Latin America, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Low Income Population, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Micronutrients, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/NUTRITION SURVEYS, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/North America, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Nutrition, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Nutrition Programs, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Physiology, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Population, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Population Characteristics, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Primary Health Care, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Research Report, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Social Class, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Socioeconomic Factors, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Socioeconomic Status, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Urban Population, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/VITAMIN A, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/VITAMINS, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/keyword/Youth
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
May
pubmed:issn
0022-3166
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
128
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
860-4
pubmed:dateRevised
2008-11-21
pubmed:otherAbstract
PIP: Vitamin A intake from food sources was measured in 55 randomly selected toddlers 6-36 months of age (mean age, 20.8 months) from two poor communities in Guatemala City, Guatemala, in 1990. Seven consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained from mothers. Sugar, coffee, and tortilla accounted for one-third of the 7114 food items reported. Excluding vitamin A derived from breast milk or fortified sugar, the median daily vitamin A intake was 194 retinol equivalents (RE). Including vitamin A derived from fortified sugar but not from breast milk, median total vitamin A intake was 338 RE, of which 78% was preformed retinol and 22% was provitamin A. This figure was 162 RE in breast-fed children and 597 RE in weaned children. Only 10 food items contributed 91% of total vitamin A intake and 55% came from three fortified foods: fortified sugar, Incaparina, and margarine, contributing medians of 81, 94, and 61 RE/g, respectively). The mean retinyl palmitate concentration in sugar samples collected from 91 households in the study communities in 1991 was 3.3 RE/g (less than 25% the stipulated amount) and 24 of these samples did not have detectable vitamin A. Since collection of these sugar samples, the association of sugar manufacturers in Guatemala has strengthened quality control measures. Political will is required, however, to enhance and enforce sugar fortification efforts and protect this vital source of vitamin A.
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1998
pubmed:articleTitle
Fortified foods contribute one half of recommended vitamin A intake in poor urban Guatemalan toddlers.
pubmed:affiliation
Département de Nutrition, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3C 3J7. vivianmk@indo.net.id
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Comparative Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't