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| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| rdf:type | |
| lifeskim:mentions | |
| pubmed:issue |
3
|
| pubmed:dateCreated |
1996-2-13
|
| pubmed:abstractText |
To investigate the role of retinoic acid (RA) in the development of interneurons in the spinal cord, we examined the expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein type I (CRABP I). The earliest developing interneurons in the chick spinal cord can be divided into two major groups: circumferential (C) neurons and primitive longitudinal (PL) neurons. In brachial segments, both types of interneurons began to express CRABP I at stage (st.) 13+ of the V. Hamburger and H.L. Hamilton (1951, J. Morphol. 88:49-92) stage series, which is before the onset of axonogenesis. Subsequently, with the onset of axonal outgrowth, C neurons and PL neurons expressed CRABP I in their cell bodies, axons, and growth cones. The expression of CRABP I was developmentally regulated. CRABP I immunoreactivity gradually decreased after st. 36 (embryonic day [E] 10) such that no interneurons expressed this protein by E21. The transient expression of CRABP I during a period of intensive axonal growth suggested that RA may be involved in the development of interneurons. To test this idea, we implanted an all-trans RA-containing ion exchange bead into either rostral segments of the spinal cord at st. 12-13 or into caudal segments at st. 15-16, all stages that are well before the appearance of CRABP-I-positive neurons in these segments. In the RA-treated spinal cord, increased numbers of pyknotic cells were found predominantly in dorsal regions, presumably reflecting the death of neuroepithelial cells, C neurons and premigratory neural crest cells. Surviving C neurons in the RA-treated spinal cord extended their axons ventrally toward the floor plate as in control embryos. PL neurons also projected their axons rostrally or caudally in the RA-treated spinal cord, similarly to control embryos. However, the proportion of caudally projecting PL neurons was significantly increased in segments rostral to the RA-containing bead. These results suggest that RA may regulate the survival and axonal orientation (directionality) of subpopulations of spinal interneurons.
|
| pubmed:grant | |
| pubmed:language |
eng
|
| pubmed:journal | |
| pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
|
| pubmed:chemical | |
| pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
|
| pubmed:month |
Sep
|
| pubmed:issn |
0021-9967
|
| pubmed:author | |
| pubmed:issnType |
Print
|
| pubmed:day |
25
|
| pubmed:volume |
360
|
| pubmed:owner |
NLM
|
| pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
|
| pubmed:pagination |
463-74
|
| pubmed:dateRevised |
2007-11-14
|
| pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Axons,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Cell Survival,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Chick Embryo,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Immunohistochemistry,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Interneurons,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Nerve Tissue Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Receptors, Retinoic Acid,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Spinal Cord,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Time Factors,
pubmed-meshheading:8543652-Tretinoin
|
| pubmed:year |
1995
|
| pubmed:articleTitle |
The development of interneurons in the chick embryo spinal cord following in vivo treatment with retinoic acid.
|
| pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1010, USA.
|
| pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.,
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
|