Linked Life Data

8218436

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/8218436

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
5-6
pubmed:dateCreated
1993-12-10
pubmed:abstractText
There are two basic types of laboratory rodent used in toxicological screening. Isogenic (inbred) strains are rather like clones of genetically identical individuals whereas outbred stocks are usually more variable, though the amount of variability depends on the previous history of the colony. In some cases outbred stocks may be genetically quite uniform. Many different strains of both types are available. Both types and a variety of strains are used for toxicological screening. There is clear evidence of important genetic variation both in spontaneous disease and in response to toxic agents, yet little account is taken of this in choosing suitable animals. Three options appear to be available. The first is to ignore genetic variation and use a single isogenic strain. However, if the strain happens to be insensitive to the test chemical, a toxic chemical may be judged to be relatively safe. The second option would be to synthesize a genetically heterogeneous stock by crossing two or more strains. However, this could lead to both increased false positive and false negative results as experimental "noise" either obscures true treatment effects, or is mistaken for a treatment effect. The third option is to use more than one strain, but without increasing the total number of animals used. This would provide a broad range of genotypes, so reducing the chance that they are all insensitive, without increasing experimental noise. This appears to be the only sensible way of broadening the genetic base in toxicological screening. Where strain differences are found, they may provide a tool for studying toxic mechanisms, which may be helpful in extrapolating to human populations.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0939-8600
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
35
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
210-20
pubmed:dateRevised
2008-11-21
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1993
pubmed:articleTitle
Genetic variation in outbred rats and mice and its implications for toxicological screening.
pubmed:affiliation
MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, U.K.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review