Linked Life Data

7527321

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/7527321

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
1995-1-10
pubmed:abstractText
In the past decade, several new antiepileptic drugs have been tested. Most recently, 5 new antiepileptic drugs have been launched onto European and US markets. These include vigabatrin, oxcarbazepine and lamotrigine in Europe, and felbamate and gabapentin in the US. In addition to these, 3 additional drugs are in the clinical investigational stage: flunarizine, fosphenytoin and stiripentol. A fourth agent is midazolam, which was originally introduced in 1986, but recently has shown effectiveness in the treatment of status epilepticus. Flunarizine is a selective calcium channel blocker that has shown anticonvulsant properties in both animal and human studies. It is a long-acting anticonvulsant that clinical studies have shown to have effects similar to those of phenytoin and carbamazepine in the treatment of partial, complex partial and generalised seizures. Fosphenytoin was developed to eliminate the poor aqueous solubility and irritant properties of intravenous phenytoin. It is rapidly converted to phenytoin after intravenous or intramuscular administration. In clinical studies, this prodrug showed minimal evidence of adverse events and no serious cardiovascular or respiratory adverse reactions. It may have a clear advantage over the present parenteral formulation of phenytoin. Midazolam is a benzodiazepine that is more potent than diazepam as a sedative, muscle relaxant and in its influence on electroencephalographic measures. It has been shown to be an effective treatment for refractory seizures in status epilepticus. Stiripentol has anticonvulsant properties as well as the ability to inhibit the cytochrome P450 system. There are significant metabolic drug interactions between stiripentol and phenytoin, carbamazepine and phenobarbital (phenobarbitone). Stiripentol has been studied in patients with partial seizures, refractory epilepsy and refractory absence seizures with some efficacious results.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Aug
pubmed:issn
0012-6667
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
48
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
153-71
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1994
pubmed:articleTitle
New anticonvulsant drugs. Focus on flunarizine, fosphenytoin, midazolam and stiripentol.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Review, Controlled Clinical Trial