Linked Life Data

3364813

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/3364813

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
1988-6-9
pubmed:abstractText
Most drugs and xenobiotics are lipid-soluble compounds that need to be transformed into more polar water-soluble molecules by a system of hepatic monoxygenases in order to be excreted by the kidney and the liver. This system is also called cytochrome P-450. It is found in animals, as well as plants. It is located in the cellular endoplasmic reticulum of numerous tissues, but it is most active in the liver. It is made up of several isoenzymes differing from one another by the structure of their apoproteins, their immunological characteristics and their affinity for various substrates. Cytochrome P-450 has great variability, being influenced by exogenous factors (drug intake, ionizing radiation, stress, diet) and individual endogenous factors (age, sex, genetic factors). Several non specific tests exploring the system are available. They include: direct investigations carried out on liver biopsies, which are seldom used in clinical practice, and indirect investigations, such as the measurement of the clearance of exogenous substances, of urinary metabolites of endogenous substances and of specific enzymes. Induction and inhibition of microsomal activity are of the utmost interest to the clinician in various fields such as toxicology, carcinogenesis, drug interactions or drug habituation, metabolic regulations and maintenance of body homeostasis. Seven classes of enzyme inducers have been defined, but the exact mechanism of this has only been identified for two of them (the barbiturate and polycyclic hydrocarbon groups). Several drugs have been identified as enzyme inhibitors, the best known to the anaesthesiologist being macrolide antibiotics, imidazole derivatives, cimetidine, chloramphenicol and isonazide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
pubmed:language
fre
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:issn
0750-7658
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
7
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
149-55
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1988
pubmed:articleTitle
[Hepatic mono-oxygenases].
pubmed:affiliation
Département d'Anesthésiologie, Hospices Civils de Strasbourg.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, English Abstract