| pubmed-article:21492189 | pubmed:abstractText | The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of valnemulin in broiler chickens after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administrations of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw). Plasma samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Pharmacokinetic characterization was performed by non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin program. After intravenous administration, distribution was wide with the volume of distribution based on terminal phase(V(z)) of 4.27 ± 0.99 L?/kg. Mean valnemulin t(1/2?)(h), Cl(?)(L?/h?/kg), V(ss)(L?/kg) and AUC((0-?))(?g·h?/mL) values were 2.85, 0.99, 2.72 and 10.34, respectively. After intramuscular administration, valnemulin was rapidly absorbed with a C(max) of 2.2 ?g/mL achieved at 0.43 h (t(max)), and the absolute bioavailability (F) was 88.81%; and for the oral route the same parameters were 0.66 ± 0.15 ?g/mL, 1.54 ± 0.27 h and 74.42%. A multiple-peak phenomenon was present after oral administration. The plasma profile of valnemulin exhibited a secondary peak during 2-6 h and a tertiary peak at 32 h. The favorable PK behavior, such as the wide distribution, slow elimination and acceptable bioavailability indicated that it is likely to be effective in chickens. | lld:pubmed |
