Linked Life Data

20971800

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/20971800

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2011-1-19
pubmed:abstractText
Beneficial effects of exercise training on the vasculature have been consistently reported in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors or disease, whereas studies in apparently healthy subjects have been less uniform. In this review, we examine evidence pertaining to the impact of exercise training on conduit and resistance vessel function and structure in asymptomatic subjects. Studies of arterial function in vivo have mainly focused on the endothelial nitric oxide dilator system, which has generally been shown to improve following training. Some evidence suggests that the magnitude of benefit depends upon the intensity or volume of training and the relative impact of exercise on upregulation of dilator pathways versus effects of inflammation and/or oxidation. Favourable effects of training on autonomic balance, baroreflex function and brainstem modulation of sympathetic control have been reported, but there is also evidence that basal vasoconstrictor tone increases as a result of training such that improvements in intrinsic vasodilator function and arterial remodelling are counterbalanced at rest. Studies of compliance suggest increases in both the arterial and the venous sides of the circulation, particularly in older subjects. In terms of mechanisms, shear stress appears to be a key signal to improvement in vascular function, whilst increases in pulse pressure and associated haemodynamics during bouts of exercise may transduce vascular adaptation, even in vascular beds which are distant from the active muscle. Different exercise modalities are associated with idiosyncratic patterns of blood flow and shear stress, and this may have some impact on the magnitude of exercise training effects on arterial function and remodelling. Other studies support the theory that that there may be different time course effects of training on specific vasodilator and constrictor pathways. A new era of understanding of the direct impacts of exercise and training on the vasculature is evolving, and future studies will benefit greatly from technological advances which allow direct characterization of arterial function and structure.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Feb
pubmed:issn
1469-445X
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
96
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
57-70
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2011
pubmed:articleTitle
Exercise and vascular adaptation in asymptomatic humans.
pubmed:affiliation
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Henry Cotton Campus, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool, UK. d.j.green@ljmu.ac.uk
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't