Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1
pubmed:dateCreated
2010-12-15
pubmed:abstractText
Metastases from primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) account for the majority of the ?10,000 non-melanoma skin cancer deaths in the United States annually. We studied lymphangiogenesis in human SCC because of the potential link to metastasis. SCC samples were stained for lymphatic endothelial vessel marker LYVE-1 and positive cells were counted and compared with cells in normal skin. Gene set enrichment analysis and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR were performed on SCC, on adjacent non-tumor-bearing skin, and on normal skin to determine the differential expression of lymphangiogenesis-associated genes. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was performed to isolate tumor cells and tumor-associated inflammatory cells for further gene expression analysis. Immunofluorescence was performed to determine the source of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in the tumor microenvironment. We found increased lymphatic density and reorganized lymphatic endothelial vessels in the dermis immediately adjacent to SCC nests. RT-PCR confirmed the presence of VEGF-C in skin immediately adjacent to SCC. LCM confirmed the increased expression of VEGF-C, the SCC inflammatory infiltrate. The presence of CD163(+)/CD68(+)/VEGFC(+) cells and absence of VEGF-C expression by CD3(+) or CD11C(+) cells suggested that VEGF-C is derived from tumor-associated macrophages. Clarification of mechanisms governing SCC-mediated lymphangiogenesis may identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention against aggressive or inoperable disease.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jan
pubmed:issn
1523-1747
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
131
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
229-36
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Biopsy, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Endothelial Cells, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Fluorescent Antibody Technique, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Humans, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Lymphangiogenesis, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Macrophages, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Membrane Glycoproteins, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Microscopy, Confocal, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Neuropilin-2, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Skin Neoplasms, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Tumor Microenvironment, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Up-Regulation, pubmed-meshheading:20827282-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
pubmed:year
2011
pubmed:articleTitle
The human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment is characterized by increased lymphatic density and enhanced expression of macrophage-derived VEGF-C.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Dermatology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural