Linked Life Data

20492514

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/20492514

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
6
pubmed:dateCreated
2010-7-13
pubmed:abstractText
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a syndrome of diverse aetiology, including hepatic encephalopathy, renal, cardiac and pulmonary failures, which result in a rapid loss of hepatic function. The mechanisms of liver injury contributing to ALF can be summarized into two categories: direct damage and immune-mediated liver injury. This review summarizes current concepts of immune-mediated liver injury from both clinical studies and animal models. We highlight immune responses of ALF from the liver injury perspective, which combines a variety of molecular and cellular mechanisms, particularly, the contribution of cytokines and the innate immune system. Hepatic and circulating inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathophysiology of ALF including hepatocyte necrosis, extrahepatic complications and hepatocyte regeneration. Overproduction of cytokines, if unchecked, is hazardous to the host and may cause severe outcomes. Measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines in ALF may be of value for predictors of outcome. Innate and adaptive immune systems both involved in ALF contribute to immune-mediated liver injury. The innate immune response is activated much more rapidly compared with adaptive immunity, particularly in acute liver injury where the host has little time to trigger an effective adaptive immune response. From this point of view, the innate immune system may make a more profound contribution than the adaptive immune system. Furthermore, immune responses crosstalk with other physiological or pathophysiological factors, for example, coagulation factors which in turn determine the outcome of ALF and these are discussed.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jul
pubmed:issn
1478-3231
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
30
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
782-94
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2010
pubmed:articleTitle
Acute liver failure: mechanisms of immune-mediated liver injury.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't