Linked Life Data

2022966

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/2022966

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
3
pubmed:dateCreated
1991-6-3
pubmed:abstractText
The effect of chronic hyperglycemia and polyol pathway activation on the Schwann cell has not been resolved although injury to this cell has long been suspected in diabetic neuropathy. Hyperglycemia, resulting from galactose intoxication of four months duration, induces dose-dependent accumulations of endoneurial fluid sodium and chloride that are linked to polyol pathway activity and associated with dose-dependent increases in sciatic nerve water content, endoneurial fluid pressure and (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity. In order to understand the impact of these changes on the nerve microenvironment, cellular elements of the endoneurium were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed in rats receiving 0%, 10%, 20% or 40% galactose diets. After four months of galactose intoxication, dose-dependent changes in the size distribution of myelinated nerve fibers were apparent. A shift in size-frequency histograms of galactose-intoxicated animals towards smaller fibers was accompanied by a decrease in axon diameter and the volume fraction ratio of axon to myelinated nerve fibers. In the sciatic nerve of all 40% galactose-fed rats examined by electron microscopy, Schwann cells of myelinated fibers showed both reactive and degenerative changes. Demyelination was preceded by splitting at the intraperiod line. Remyelination was identified by axons with disproportionately thin myelin sheaths. Axonal dystrophy and degeneration were infrequently seen, but there was axonal regeneration. Dose-dependent increases in mast cell number were observed with degranulation apparent in rats receiving 20% and 40% galactose. Endothelial cell number and basal lamina thickness were increased in the endoneurial vessels of galactose-intoxicated rats. Increased cytoplasmic area and degenerative changes in pericytes were also noted. These observations indicate that significant morphologic changes accompany the hyperosmotic imbalance resulting from galactose intoxication of four months duration. Schwann cell injury and demyelination are present in a disorder linked to polyol metabolism since aldose reductase, the anabolic enzyme of the polyol pathway, is localized to this myelin-forming cell.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
May
pubmed:issn
0022-3069
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
50
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
235-55
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1991
pubmed:articleTitle
Cellular pathology of the nerve microenvironment in galactose intoxication.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't