Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/19572310
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rdf:type | |
lifeskim:mentions | |
pubmed:issue |
12
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2009-11-25
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pubmed:abstractText |
High-density electrical mapping of event-related potentials was used to investigate the neural processes that permit some elderly subjects to preserve high levels of executive functioning. Two possibilities pertain: (1) high-performance in elderly subjects is underpinned by similar processing mechanisms to those seen in young adults; that is, these individuals display minimal functional decay across the lifespan, or (2) preserved function relies on successfully recruiting and amplifying control processes to compensate for normal sensory-perceptual decline with age. Fifteen young and nineteen elderly participants, the latter split into groups of high and low performers, regularly alternated between a letter and a number categorization task, switching between tasks every third trial (AAA-BBB-AAA...). This allowed for interrogation of performance during switch, repeat, and preparatory pre-switch trials. Robust effects of age were observed in both frontal and parietal components of the task-switching network. Greatest differences originated over prefrontal regions, with elderly subjects generating amplified, earlier, and more differentiated patterns of activity. This prefrontal amplification was evident only in high-performing (HP) elderly, and was strongest on pre-switch trials when participants prepared for an upcoming task-switch. Analysis of the early transient and late sustained activity using topographic analyses and source localization collectively supported a unique and elaborated pattern of activity across frontal and parietal scalp in HP-elderly, wholly different to that seen in both young and low-performing elderly. On this basis, we propose that preserved executive function in HP-elderly is driven by large-scale recruitment and enhancement of prefrontal cortical mechanisms.
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pubmed:grant | |
pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal | |
pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Dec
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pubmed:issn |
1097-0193
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pubmed:author | |
pubmed:copyrightInfo |
2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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pubmed:issnType |
Electronic
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pubmed:volume |
30
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
4198-214
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Adult,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Aged,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Aged, 80 and over,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Aging,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Brain Mapping,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Cognition,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Evoked Potentials,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Female,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Male,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Prefrontal Cortex,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Reaction Time,
pubmed-meshheading:19572310-Young Adult
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pubmed:year |
2009
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Preserved executive function in high-performing elderly is driven by large-scale recruitment of prefrontal cortical mechanisms.
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pubmed:affiliation |
The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Orangeburg, New York, USA.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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