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pubmed-article:19521018pubmed:abstractTextBACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various biological processes through inhibiting the translation of RNA transcripts. Although miRNA-1 (miR-1) and miRNA-133 (miR-133) are abundantly expressed in the adult heart and involved in cardiac hypertrophy, the roles of these miRNAs in spontaneous myocardial differentiation are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: The levels of miR-1 and miR-133 in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells were increased during spontaneous differentiation by 2-dimensional culture, but reduced during forced myocardial differentiation by a histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A. The overexpression of miR-1 or miR-133 by lentiviral infection reduced the expression of a cardiac-specific gene, Nkx2.5, during differentiation of ES cells. In addition, miR-1 also inhibited alpha-myosin heavy chain expression. The results of luciferase assays revealed that miR-1 recognizes and targets the 3' untranslated region of cyclin-dependent kinase-9 (Cdk9) in ES cells. Overexpression of miR-1 decreased the protein amounts of Cdk9 without affecting the mRNA levels, indicating that miR-1 post-transcriptionally inhibits Cdk9 translation. CONCLUSIOns: miR-1 and miR-133 may play significant roles in the myocardial differentiation of mouse ES cells, and Cdk9 may be involved in this process as a target of miR-1.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:19521018pubmed:articleTitleMicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-133 in spontaneous myocardial differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:19521018pubmed:affiliationDivision of Translational Research, Kyoto Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan.lld:pubmed
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