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pubmed:abstractText |
Bradykinin formation typically requires interaction of Factor XII, prekallikrein (PK), and high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) with negatively charged exogenous initiators or cell-surface proteins. Approximately 85% of plasma PK circulates as a complex with HK. Nonenzymatic cell-derived initiators, such as heat shock protein 90, can activate the HK-PK complex to generate kallikrein, bradykinin, and cleaved HK, even in the absence of Factor XII.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. josephk@musc.edu
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