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Post-translational modification of the cell's proteome by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins provides dynamic functional regulation. Ubiquitin and SUMO are well-studied post-translational modifiers that typically impart distinct effects on their targets. The recent discovery that modification by SUMO can target proteins for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation sets a new paradigm in the field, and offers insights into the roles of SUMO and ubiquitin in genome stability.
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