Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
9
pubmed:dateCreated
2008-9-23
pubmed:abstractText
Constipation and other gastrointestinal symptoms are frequent adverse effects of either short-term postoperative or chronic opioid therapy. The review authors have identified 23 studies to evaluate the efficacy of micro-opioid antagonists for the prevention and treatment of these complications. The data on safety and efficacy of the traditional antagonists naloxone and nalbuphine are insufficient. The results of studies with the newer, peripherally-acting antagonists alvimopan and methylnaltrexone are promising. Methylnaltrexone resulted in four studies with healthy probands in a significant shortening of the gastrointestinal transit time (-52 min). In the postoperative setting, five studies showed a significant improvement of the hazard ratios for different outcomes (e. g., bowel movement, tolerance of solid food) in the alvimopan group. Future studies will be needed to show whether these results can be reproduced in different patient groups on a larger scale. Also, with regard to other pharmacological (e. g., lactulose) and non-pharmacological interventions, the role of the above-mentioned not yet approved medications needs to be defined.
pubmed:language
ger
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0044-2771
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
46
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
917-21
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-11
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2008
pubmed:articleTitle
[News from the cochrane library: mu opioid antagonists for opioid-induced bowel dysfunction].
pubmed:affiliation
Deutsches Cochrane Zentrum, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg. meerpohl@cochrane.de
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, English Abstract, Review