Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2008-5-20
pubmed:abstractText
Brain diffusion properties are at present most commonly evaluated by magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion imaging. MR cannot easily distinguish between the extracellular and intracellular signal components, but the older technique of real-time iontophoresis (RTI) detects exclusively extracellular diffusion. Interpretation of the MR results would therefore benefit from auxiliary RTI measurements. This requires a molecular probe detectable by both techniques. Our aim was to specify a minimum set of requirements that such a diffusion probe should fulfill and apply it to two candidate probes: the cation tetramethylammonium (TMA(+)), used routinely in the RTI experiments, and the anion hexafluoroantimonate (SbF(6)(-)). Desirable characteristics of a molecular diffusion probe include predictable diffusion properties, stability, minimum interaction with cellular physiology, very slow penetration into the cells, and sufficiently strong and selective MR and RTI signals. These properties were evaluated using preparations of rat neocortical slices under normal and ischemic conditions, as well as solutions and agarose gel. While both molecules can be detected by MR and RTI, neither proved an ideal candidate. TMA(+) was very stable but it penetrated into the cells and accumulated there within tens of minutes. SbF(6)(-) did not enter the cells as readily but it was not stable, particularly in ischemic tissue and at higher temperatures. Its presence also resulted in a decreased extracellular volume. These probe properties help to interpret previously published MR data on TMA(+) diffusion and might play a role in other diffusion experiments obtained with them.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-10994852, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-11427692, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-11807397, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-12000123, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-12071295, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-12122149, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-12939756, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-12967997, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-14523957, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-15345540, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-17961555, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-2016641, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-2141591, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-2530172, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-3574760, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-6350048, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-7338810, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-7570750, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-8113325, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-8130344, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-8377929, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-8412303, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-8734998, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-9125435, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-9307124, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/18466980-9951627
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jun
pubmed:issn
0165-0270
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
30
pubmed:volume
171
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
218-25
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-18
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2008
pubmed:articleTitle
Characterizing molecular probes for diffusion measurements in the brain.
pubmed:affiliation
Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, In Vitro, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural