Linked Life Data

18068226

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/18068226

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2
pubmed:dateCreated
2008-9-12
pubmed:abstractText
An environmental risk assessment of eleven pharmaceuticals according to the guideline recommended by the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) was performed. Cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, cyclophosphamide, diclofenac, ethinylestradiol, ibuprofen, metoprolol, paracetamol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and trimethoprim were selected for assessment by the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority. Predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) were calculated according to both the EMEA guideline and a conventional model for comparison and ranged from 0.0002 to 45 microg/L. Available acute and chronic toxicity data were collected from the literature, although no data were available for cyclophosphamide. Toxicity tests showed cyclophosphamide to have relatively low acute toxicity with an EC50 for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata >100 mg/L and a Daphnia magna reproduction NOEC of 56 mg/L. These and the literature data were used to derive predicted no effect concentrations (PNEC). Risk quotients (PEC/PNEC) were then calculated for all 11 pharmaceutical compounds. Risk quotients greater than 1 were obtained for ciprofloxacin, diclofenac, ethinylestradiol, sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline according to the EMEA guideline. Measured environmental concentrations (MECs) confirmed that the release of ciprofloxacin from wastewater treatment works may potentially be of environmental concern in Norway.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Oct
pubmed:issn
1090-2414
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
71
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
328-40
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2008
pubmed:articleTitle
Environmental assessment of Norwegian priority pharmaceuticals based on the EMEA guideline.
pubmed:affiliation
NIVA (Norwegian Institute for Water Research), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway. merete.grung@niva.no
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't