Linked Life Data

17919179

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/17919179

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:dateCreated
2007-10-8
pubmed:abstractText
Insulin is stored in pancreatic beta-cells in beta-granules. Whenever insulin is secreted in response to a nutrient secretagogue, there is a complementary increase in proinsulin biosynthesis to replenish intracellular insulin stores. This specific nutrient regulation of proinsulin biosynthesis is predominately regulated at the translational level. Recently, a highly conserved cis-element in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of preproinsulin mRNA, named ppIGE, has been identified that is required for specific translational regulation of proinsulin biosynthesis. This ppIGE is also found in the 5'-UTR of certain other translationally regulated beta-granule protein mRNAs, including the proinsulin processing endopeptidases, PC1/3 and PC2. This provides a mechanism whereby proinsulin processing is adaptable to changes in proinsulin biosynthesis. However, relatively few beta-granules undergo secretion, with most remaining in the storage pool for approximately 5 days. Aged beta-granules are retired by intracellular degradation mechanisms, either via crinophagy and/or autophagy, as another long-term means of maintaining beta-granule stores at optimal levels. When a disconnection between insulin production and secretion arises, as may occur in type 2 diabetes, autophagy further increases to maintain beta-granule numbers. However, if this increased autophagy becomes chronic, autophagia-mediated cell death occurs that could then contribute to beta-cell loss in type 2 diabetes.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Nov
pubmed:issn
1462-8902
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
9 Suppl 2
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
56-66
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2007
pubmed:articleTitle
The balance between proinsulin biosynthesis and insulin secretion: where can imbalance lead?
pubmed:affiliation
Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural