Cardiac contractility is regulated tightly as an extrinsic and intrinsic homeostatic mechanism to the heart. The molecular basis of the intrinsic system is largely unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) mediates embryonic cardiac contractility upstream of myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A).
Department of Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Medical School and Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xueyuan Road, and Children's Hospital, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.