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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
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pubmed:issue |
5
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2007-4-23
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pubmed:abstractText |
Endocarditis prophylaxis following genitourinary or gastrointestinal procedures targets Enterococcus faecalis. Prophylaxis recommendations advocate oral amoxicillin (2 g in the United States and 3 g in the United Kingdom) in moderate-risk patients and intravenous amoxicillin (2 g) or vancomycin (1 g) plus gentamicin in high-risk patients. While ampicillin-resistant (or amoxicillin-resistant) E. faecalis is still rare, there is a concern that these regimens might fail against vancomycin-resistant and/or aminoglycoside-resistant isolates. The present study tested oral linezolid as an alternative. Rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations were given prophylaxis simulating human pharmacokinetics of oral amoxicillin (2- to 3-g single dose), oral linezolid (600 mg, single or multiple oral doses every 12 h), or intravenous vancomycin (1-g single dose). Rats were then inoculated with the minimum inoculum infecting 90% of the animals (90% infective dose [ID(90)]) or with 10 times the ID(90) of the vancomycin-susceptible E. faecalis strain JH2-2 or the vancomycin-resistant (VanA phenotype) E. faecalis strain UCN41. Amoxicillin was also tested with two additional vancomycin-susceptible E. faecalis strains, 309 and 1209. Animals were sacrificed 3 days later. All the tested bacteria were susceptible to amoxicillin and gentamicin. Single-dose amoxicillin provided 100% protection against all four isolates at both the ID(90) and 10 times the ID(90). In contrast, linezolid required up to four consecutive doses to provide full protection against the vancomycin-resistant isolate. Vancomycin protected only against the vancomycin-susceptible strain. The high efficacy of single-dose oral amoxicillin suggests that this regimen could be used for prophylaxis in both moderate-risk and high-risk patients without additional aminoglycosides. Linezolid appears to be less reliable, at least against the vancomycin-resistant strain.
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pubmed:commentsCorrections |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10223922,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10433559,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10515816,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10706902,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10899875,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10953851,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-10987725,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-11036055,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-1150874,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-11740702,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-12384354,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-12407127,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-12472911,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-12529096,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-14576143,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-14638504,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-14674791,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-14973150,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-15128723,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-15306996,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-15894758,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-16163631,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-16244853,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-16436723,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-1754787,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-2118323,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-3925031,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-4204433,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-4685083,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-6833800,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-7049946,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-7081978,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-7695272,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-7822036,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8161620,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8195626,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8376837,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8486577,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8723459,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-8851620,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-9257737,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-9402338,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-9431393,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-9455502,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/17353251-9608855
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
May
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pubmed:issn |
0066-4804
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:volume |
51
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
1661-5
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2009-11-18
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Acetamides,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Administration, Oral,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Amoxicillin,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Anti-Bacterial Agents,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Antibiotic Prophylaxis,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Endocarditis, Bacterial,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Enterococcus faecalis,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Female,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Microbial Sensitivity Tests,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Oxazolidinones,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Rats,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Rats, Wistar,
pubmed-meshheading:17353251-Vancomycin Resistance
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pubmed:year |
2007
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Single-dose oral amoxicillin or linezolid for prophylaxis of experimental endocarditis due to vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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