Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/17196789
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Predicate | Object |
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rdf:type | |
lifeskim:mentions | |
pubmed:issue |
1
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2007-2-12
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pubmed:abstractText |
Administration of methylphenidate (MPH, Ritalin) to children affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an elective therapy, which however raises concerns for public health, due to possible persistent neuro-behavioral alterations. We investigated potential long-term consequences at adulthood of MPH exposure during adolescence, by means of behavioral and brain MRS assessment in drug-free state. Wistar adolescent rats (30- to 44-day-old) were treated with MPH (0 or 2 mg/kg once/day for 14 days) and then left undisturbed until adulthood. Levels of impulsive behavior were assessed in the intolerance-to-delay task: Food-restricted rats were tested in operant chambers with two nose-poking holes, delivering one food pellet immediately, or five pellets after a delay whose length was increased over days. MPH-exposed animals showed a less marked shifting profile from the large/late to the small/soon reward, suggesting reduced basal levels of impulsivity, compared to controls. In vivo MRI-guided 1H MRS examinations at 4.7 T in anaesthetised animals revealed long-term biochemical changes in the dorsal striatum (STR), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of MPH-exposed rats. Notably, total creatine and taurine, metabolites respectively involved in bioenergetics and synaptic efficiency, were up-regulated in the STR and conversely down-regulated in the NAcc of MPH-exposed rats. A strong correlation was evident between non-phosphorylated creatine in the STR and behavioral impulsivity. Moreover, unaltered total creatine and increased phospho-creatine/creatine ratio were detected in the PFC, suggesting improved cortical energetic performance. Because of this enduring rearrangement in the forebrain function, MPH-exposed animals may be more efficient when faced with delay of reinforcement. In summary, MPH exposure during adolescence produced enduring MRS-detectable biochemical modifications in brain reward-related circuits, which may account for increased self-control capacity of adult rats.
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal | |
pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical | |
pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:issn |
0892-0362
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pubmed:author | |
pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:volume |
29
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
116-25
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2009-10-26
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Animals, Newborn,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Behavior, Animal,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Brain,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Central Nervous System Stimulants,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Female,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Impulsive Behavior,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Male,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Methylphenidate,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Pregnancy,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Rats,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Rats, Wistar,
pubmed-meshheading:17196789-Statistics as Topic
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pubmed:articleTitle |
1H MRS-detectable metabolic brain changes and reduced impulsive behavior in adult rats exposed to methylphenidate during adolescence.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Section of Behavioural Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't,
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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