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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
umls-concept:C0021745,
umls-concept:C0021756,
umls-concept:C0025260,
umls-concept:C0035253,
umls-concept:C0042196,
umls-concept:C0205087,
umls-concept:C0237401,
umls-concept:C0681842,
umls-concept:C0871261,
umls-concept:C1704632,
umls-concept:C1706817,
umls-concept:C2911692
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pubmed:issue |
11
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2006-10-23
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pubmed:abstractText |
Two different cell populations respond to potent T-cell-inducing vaccinations. The induction and loss of effector cells can be seen using an ex vivo enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, but the more durable resting memory response is demonstrable by a cultured ELISPOT assay. The relationship of the early effector response to durable resting memory is incompletely understood. Effector phenotype is usually identified by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production, but interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been specifically linked to the differentiation of memory cells. Here, IFN-gamma- and IL-2-secreting effector cells were identified by an ex vivo ELISPOT assay 1 week after vaccination and compared with the resting memory responses detected by a cultured ELISPOT assay 3 months later. The different kinetics and induction of IL-2 by different vaccines and natural exposure are described. Furthermore, both early IFN-gamma and IL-2 production independently predicted subsequent memory responses at 3 months in malaria-naïve volunteers, but only IFN-gamma predicted memory in malaria-exposed volunteers. However, dual ELISPOT assays were also performed on malaria-exposed volunteers to identify cells producing both cytokines simultaneously. This demonstrated that double-cytokine-producing cells were highly predictive of memory. This assay may be useful in predicting vaccinations most likely to generate stable, long-term memory responses.
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pubmed:grant |
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pubmed:commentsCorrections |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-10515829,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-10537110,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-10903750,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-11560956,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-11591804,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-11867736,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12001996,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12165552,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12444145,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12452833,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12563257,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12576317,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12692546,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12766765,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-12887036,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-14551895,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-14625547,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-14662904,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15034567,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15068840,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15206062,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15611270,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15781866,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-15872023,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-16237057,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-16434127,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-16622207,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-16856208,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-1865923,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-1951863,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-8988885,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-9355128,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16966412-9359112
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Nov
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pubmed:issn |
0019-9567
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pubmed:author |
pubmed-author:BejonPhilipP,
pubmed-author:BerthoudTamaraT,
pubmed-author:CarucciDanielD,
pubmed-author:CohenJoeJ,
pubmed-author:DunachieSusannaS,
pubmed-author:EpsteinJudyJ,
pubmed-author:GilbertSarah CSC,
pubmed-author:HillAdrian V SAV,
pubmed-author:KaiOscar KOK,
pubmed-author:KeatingSheilaS,
pubmed-author:LangTrudieT,
pubmed-author:MarshKevinK,
pubmed-author:MorisPhilippeP,
pubmed-author:MwacharoJedidahJ,
pubmed-author:PeshuNorbertN,
pubmed-author:WaltherMichaelM
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:volume |
74
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
6331-8
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2009-11-18
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-G0 Phase,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Immunologic Memory,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Interferon-gamma,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Interleukin-2,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Leukocytes, Mononuclear,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Malaria,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Malaria Vaccines,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Plasmodium,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Predictive Value of Tests,
pubmed-meshheading:16966412-Time Factors
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pubmed:year |
2006
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Early gamma interferon and interleukin-2 responses to vaccination predict the late resting memory in malaria-naïve and malaria-exposed individuals.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographical Medical Research (Coast), P.O. Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya. pbejon@kilifi.mimcom.net
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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