Linked Life Data

16564093

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/16564093

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
3
pubmed:dateCreated
2006-4-24
pubmed:abstractText
A significant amount of the fatty acids synthesized by the cytosolic enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FAS) or taken up by the diet are further elongated into very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in a four-step reaction cycle by membrane-bound enzymes predominantly located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Members of the Elovl (elongation-of-very-long-chain-fatty acids) gene family encode for enzymes (elongases), which are believed to perform the first, regulatory, step (condensation) in the elongation cycle in mammals. The family of enzymes consists of at least six members in mouse and human, believed to carry out substrate-specific elongation with fatty acids of different lengths and degrees of unsaturation. The ability to synthesize VLCFA is a ubiquitous system found in different organs and cell types. However, VLCFAs seldom occur unesterified. Instead, they are joined either by an ester or amide linkage to a broad variety of different lipid species. VLCFA are most commonly found as building blocks in sphingolipids, although they are also important constituents of glycerophospholipids, triacylglycerols, sterol- and wax-esters. To generalize, the fatty acid elongases can be divided into two major groups: (a) enzymes which are suggested to be involved in the elongation of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFA (ELOVL1, 3 and 6) and (b) enzymes which are elongases of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (ELOVL2, 4 and 5). All the elongases exhibit specific spatial and temporal expression. In this review, we will present and discuss the regulation of the mammalian fatty acid elongases and their potential role in lipid metabolism. We will consider both the biochemical functions of the proteins, as well as their role in a more physiological context.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
May
pubmed:issn
0163-7827
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
45
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
237-49
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2006
pubmed:articleTitle
Fatty acid elongases in mammals: their regulation and roles in metabolism.
pubmed:affiliation
The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review